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Aerated Greens: Why Courses Do It and How to Survive Playing on Them

As the weather starts to get colder and golfing season in the north starts to wind down, golfers have to fight against even more obstacles than normal (as if the game wasn’t hard enough) during their rounds. While the wind, rain, and rough turf might seem like more than enough to worry about, playing on aerated greens is an almost sure-fire way to cost you a few strokes during your round. So why do courses do this to us, and what can we do to try and manage our scores on an aerated green?

Why Do Golf Courses Aerate Their Greens?

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A normal green compared to a vented one.

Golf courses take a lot of wear and tear over the season, and the turf is no exception. In order to ensure that the grass is healthy and consistent, most courses opt into some form of aeration both during the playing season and towards the end of the year.

 

During the playing season, courses usually choose to do venting aeration which is basically placing a bunch of small needles into the ground in order to break up the turf. This process is done throughout the year and is usually does not affect ball roll or playing conditions at all after a couple days.

But what do you mean we don’t notice? What are all of these holes on the green?

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Core aeration compared to a normal green.

Well, along with venting aeration, many courses may choose an aeration strategy that is much more aggressive once play dies down for the year. This is known as core aeration.

 

When you mention aerated greens, core aeration is what comes to the mind of most golfers because it almost always results in the horrible, potholed, greens we have grown to dread towards the end of the season. During core aeration, holes of almost half an inch are removed from the ground and then replaced with sand. This removal of dirt cores causes the unsightly marks on the greens that many northern golfers are accustomed to late in the season.

Obviously, all of these small holes change the roll of the greens and the appeal of the golf course, so why do golf courses do this? The answer really is simple; it’s because they have to.

Golf courses aerate their greens for four major reasons, all of which affect turf health. Aeration is usually performed in order to remove organic matter, decompress the soil, improve the drainage of the soil, and help promote root growth. Without aeration, organic matter (i.e. bacteria and other plants) build up on the surface of the turf. This increase in the concentration of plant matter can prevent water from draining into the soil and can reduce the amount of oxygen that reaches the roots, which ultimately limits growth. Aerating the soil can also relieve soil compression which not only helps grass grow better but ensures that the courses greens are firm and play fair, something that any golfer can appreciate.

Related imageHow to Play on Aerated Greens

So great, we know that aeration is important, but how can we keep it from ruining our scores on the green? Aerated greens provide a unique challenge for golfers because they contrast the typically smooth and predictable motion of the ball. For example, if you dropped a ball straight down on a normal green you wouldn’t expect the ball to roll very far from where it landed. However, on an aerated green, if your ball lands on the side of a dirt core that has been removed it can travel in a completely different direction from the predicted ball flight.

So how do we make the best of aerated greens? The single most important piece of advice I can give you is to keep the ball low. As we mentioned above, having the ball land on the side of a removed core basically leaves the result of the shot to chance depending on the angle of impact the ball has with the hole. By keeping your ball flight low you have a higher chance of rolling the ball over each hole which will help keep your ball on a more predictable path towards the hole.

Besides keeping the ball low, hitting the ball slightly harder on chips and putts will help make up for the speed that is lost when the ball hits each bump. When I play personally, I usually plan on the ball rolling about 25% less than it would on a non-aerated green so you might have to add a little power to your putts and chips. This really depends on the number of holes on each green as well as their depth but that is something that is somewhat unique to each golf course.

While I’m sure all of us could agree that we would rather play on pristine greens all year, accomplishing this is no easy feat for the grounds crew of your favorite golf course. It can be frustrating to have your round derailed by a bad bounce on the green but hopefully, some of the tips we’ve talked about above will help keep your round and your sanity in check during these early winter rounds. So have some fun on the links before the snow starts to fly and have a great holiday season this year.

 

 

Draws, Slices, Hooks, and Every Other Ball Flight But Straight Explained

Any golfer that’s stepped out on the tee before has likely hit a shot that didn’t travel straight. But how do you explain these less than ideal ball flights? After all, if you can’t hit the ball straight (join the club), you might as well sound intelligent talking about your struggles with the game, right? So let’s talk about the difference between a slice, a hook, and all the other ball flights people throw around on the golf course.

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The ball flight of a slice for a right-handed golfer.

Slices, Fades, and Pushes

The slice. Arguably the most common mechanical problem in golf, but what exactly is it? And how do all these other words relate to this age-old problem?

Put simply, the slice is a ball trajectory which results in the ball curving towards the direction your body was facing when you addressed the ball (which is right for a right-handed golfer). Similarly, a fade follows the same general path as a slice, however, it’s not as aggressive of a curve. A push, by contrast, doesn’t involve a curved trajectory at all. This trajectory does result in the ball landing in a similar place as a slice or fade but instead of the ball curving to get there, the ball travels straight to the target at an angle.

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The ball flight of a hook for a right-handed golfer.

Hooks, Draws, and Pulls

The next set of ball flights mimic the slice, fade, and push but are simply mirrored to the other side. For a right-handed golfer, these three shot trajectories all result in the ball traveling to the left, however, they do so in different ways and to different degrees. Similarly to slice, the hook is a dramatic curve to the left while a draw is a smaller curve with the same general flight path. The pull is closely related to the push and results in a straight ball flight but a landing area that is similar to a hook.

Similarly to the slice, the hook is a dramatic curve to the left. A draw travels in the same direction as a hook but curves significantly less to the side. The pull, which is closely related to the push, results in a straight ball flight at an angle but travels to the same side as the hook and draw.

So there you have it, you’re well versed in all of the different types of ball flights! But how could you possibly remember all of that? Well, luckily for you all of the above ball flights (as well as a couple extra ones) are represented in the graphic below!

 

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The nine different ball flights represented graphically.

 

Now, while none of this might help us hit shots straighter, being able to explain your ball flight at least lets you communicate your struggles with your playing partners, and that’s a start, right?

Are Tee Shots the Key to Lower Scores?

Let me guess, you want to improve your scores out on the links but you’ve already tried what you think you need to work on in order to improve. You practice your four-foot putts, you make sure you get out of the sand and the rough consistently, and you make wise decisions around the course so you don’t throw a way strokes.

 

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Most golfers believe that your short game is the most important part of shooting lower scores. Do you agree?

These are the obvious things that golfers “need” to master if they want to score well and, when I polled our Twitter followers a week ago, unsurprisingly the votes were heavily in favor of chipping and putting

 

And that’s how it should be? Right? After all, if you were to ask me what I thought were the most important parts of golf I would have fallen into the same category. Until I started to crunch some numbers…

The last three rounds I’ve played I’ve averaged 5.33 shots over par for my round (which isn’t too shabby I think). But what could I possibly do to get rid of those five extra strokes?

After crunching a couple numbers concerning my putting and chipping I came to 1.8 putts per hole and a 60% up and down rate from around the green. While both of these numbers might not be PGA tour caliber, for a golfer in my position I’m pretty happy with them. At the very least I don’t think I could improve them without a serious amount of practice and, even then, I doubt the change would be that noticeable during my rounds.

So what do I do? How can I get better? These thoughts bounced around my head until I walked out on the first tee the next week and I finally realized what I needed to work on.  The answer actually didn’t involve the green at all.

 

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One of my favorite holes at Hawk’s View Golf Course!

Stepping onto the tee at Hawk’s View Golf Course in Lake Geneva I was determined to figure out what the weakest part of my game was. And it didn’t take long… After pushing my drive off to the right of the fairway and claiming my first bogey of the day I unknowingly stumbled upon a gold mine.

 

For the rest of that round, I decided to keep track of how many fairways I hit (or greens on par 3’s) and compare that to the score I got on each hole. This is what I found out.

For my round, I shot 8 over par (not my best) but on holes where I hit the fairway my score was only +.10 over par which would equate to a little less than +2 for my round. However, on holes where I missed the fairway, my score was roughly +.85 over par which would have put me at around 15 strokes over par for my round if I had missed every fairway.

What do all these numbers boil down to? Hitting the fairway is a big deal for scoring well. By missing the fairway I threw away six strokes in just my one round! But why are your tee shots so important? You could make up those six strokes anywhere in your game right?

If we look at those six strokes I lost during my round that boils down to about .33 strokes per hole. Going back to my putting metrics earlier if I were to decrease my putts per hole by that amount I would be at 1.47 putts per hole which would put me way ahead of the best putter on the PGA Tour, who averages around 1.6 putts a hole. Even with hours and hours of practice, I would still never be able to make up the strokes I lost off the tee in another area of my game.

So, golfers, there’s my secret to playing better. Even though your putting accounts for around 40% of your shots during a round, driving the ball better might just be the key to consistently lower scores. Luckily for you, we already have some amazing tips on driving the ball just waiting for you:

Finally, now that we’ve figured out that our driving needs work, and we’ve read some great tips on driving the ball better, there’s only one thing left to do golfers. Go out to the range and practice before your next round and hopefully, that little bit of extra work will translate into lower scores for all of us!

How To Cure Your Slice

The slice, a bane of many golfers existence when it comes to hitting the ball off the tee. You lose your distance, you lose your accuracy, and ultimately, you waste strokes every time you smack your tee shot off into the trees.

I got to personally see the damage a slice can do to someone’s game when I would step out onto the course with my father. Not to throw him under the bus, but his game off the tee used to be less than stellar, and it was mostly due to his “power fade” as he likes to call it; for the rest of us though, we’ll just call it his slice. Now he’s not the only one to fall victim to this pit fall off the tee but that doesn’t mean it isn’t a problem that shouldn’t be fixed. That’s something that we’re going to talk about a little today.

So why do we slice the ball and what can you do to fix this without having to hire a professional golf coach?

Well, let’s first look at the why…

Now while there are a number or reasons a golfer might hit a slice, most of these reasons boil down to three basic things:

  • Your stance
  • Your club face alignment
  • And your swing plane

Let’s talk about your stance and alignment first…

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The solid yellow line above shows a stereotypical stance for a “slicer”. This open stance accompanied with a square club face alignment is always going to result in a fade or slice.

When it comes to your stance, setting up square to your target or even slightly closed builds the foundation for good ball contact and straighter ball trajectory.

 

A great, quick test to see if you’re aligned properly is as follows; setup as you normally would and then lay a club across your two feet (or along the solid yellow line in the picture). If the club handle is pointed towards your target then your stance is square, if not adjust your feet accordingly. Easy as that!

Now that our stance is settled let’s talk about the alignment of our club face. Similarly to wanting a square stance to start off with, we also want our club face to be square with the target. Luckily for us though, most us do this naturally simply by having the leading edge of the club perpendicular to the flight we want the ball to travel. While this might seem like a no-brainier, many golfers that suffer from inaccurate tee shots try to compensate for their hooks or slices by changing how the club face interacts with the ball, something we don’t want to do!

Finally, the last part of our slicing checklist is fixing the path our club takes during our swing, or, simply called our swing plane. Unlike the first two bullet points however, this part of the slice isn’t quite as easy to fix, mainly because you don’t actually get a great chance to analyse your swing plane before your shot (and during your shot you likely have other things on your mind). Now although you might not be able to analyse your swing before you make it, we can break down the basic idea we want to capture like this; whatever plane you follow during your backswing, you need to follow on your foreswing. 

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This graphic highlights one of the most common mistakes in golf. On the right, the golfer attacks the ball on a different swing plane than his backswing. By coming “over-the-top” he is only encouraging his slice.

What goes up must go down, what goes right must go left, and what is taken away at a 59.6 degree angle must be returned to contact at that same angle if you want to make solid, consistent contact on your drives. Now, while there isn’t a perfect angle your swing should follow (for example I have a slightly flatter swing) the important thing is that you’re consistent with whatever swing plane you do choose to take. The most common mistake slicers make is what’s called “coming over the top” which essentially is a swing plane problem where your foreswing follows a steeper angle than your backswing. This results in an outside-to-inside swing path as the club strikes the ball, and ultimately, leads to a slice.

To correct this there really isn’t any magic trick you can try, you simply have to practice hitting your drives a little bit. One important thing you can do however, and this is what ultimately helped my father fix his slice, is have a friend videotape your swing a few times. Nothing convinces someone more that their swing plane isn’t consistent than watching a video of themselves swooping over-the-top swipe at their last couple shots on the range.

So there you have it, the three main reasons you can’t shake your slice: your stance, alignment, and swing plane. Now, of course, there could be other reasons also, but this brief guide somewhat assumes you’re doing all of the other small things right in your golf swing (something like rotating as your weight comes through instead of sliding your hips), which may or may not be the case with all of us…

So while I wouldn’t call this the complete guide to curing a slice, I would wager that 80%-90% of all the slices out there fall into one of these three categories and, if you do manage to fly through our short checklist without any problems, you should feel confident that fixing your slice is already closer to happening than you might have thought! So grab a buddy, hit the range, and let’s straighten out some slices!

 

How to Eat Right During Your Round

Golf is a demanding sport. Here at The Golf Academy, we spend a majority of our time talking about the mental side of golf, a side that I think people forget about too often. Today, however, I want to talk about the physical aspect of golf, specifically, how to keep your body well energized during your round.

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